How to Make a Presentation: 10 Steps for Any Tool, With PowerPoint, Google Slides and Canva

Disclosure: NOXI publishes this guide and appears in it only as one way to have the first draft made for you. The 10 steps work in any tool. The PowerPoint, Google Slides and Canva steps come only from each maker's own help pages (Microsoft Support, Google's help centers and the Canva Help Center), all opened on 9 November 2026.

Most guides to making a presentation are either a list of design tips or a click-by-click tour of one app. This page does both jobs, in the order that saves time: first a method that works with any tool, with a worked example you can copy slide by slide, then where each step lives in PowerPoint, Google Slides and Canva, taken from their own help pages. Find your situation in the first table and jump to the step you need.

Pick your route in ten seconds

Find the row that matches what you are making. The slide counts are starting points for planning, not rules; the brief you were given always wins.

Key numbers

Six numbers from official pages, read on 9 November 2026, that answer the questions people ask while making slides: what size, how big, how much contrast, how many words, how long.

How to make a presentation step by step: the 10 steps

The steps run in this order because each one feeds the next: the audience decides the message, the message decides the outline, the outline decides the slides, and only then does design matter. Skipping ahead is the most common reason a deck takes twice as long as it should.

Step 1: Know your audience and your goal

Before you open any app, answer four questions in writing: who will be in the room, what they already know about the topic, what you want them to know or do afterwards, and how many minutes you have. The answers decide the words you can use, how much background to give and how many slides fit. If the presentation is an assignment, read the brief or rubric first; UNSW's presentation toolkit tells students to review the assessment criteria [28].

Common mistake: making the deck you would want to see rather than the one this room needs. A class of 12-year-olds and a panel of examiners need different words for the same idea.

Step 2: Write your message in one sentence

Turn the topic into a claim the audience can repeat. A topic is a label ("Moon phases", "third-quarter sales"); a message is a sentence with a verb ("The Sun always lights half the Moon, and the part of that half we see changes as the Moon orbits Earth"). Say it aloud: if it takes more than about 15 seconds, it is two messages. Then check that every slide you plan supports it. If you still need a topic, start from our list of 200 presentation topics for students and work, then come back to this step.

Common mistake: a title slide that names the topic, and no sentence anywhere in the deck that says the point.

Step 3: Outline before you make slides

Write the outline on paper or in a document: an opening that states the message, three main points that each support it, and a close that repeats the message and says what happens next. Give each part minutes, then turn minutes into slides. About one slide per minute is a common starting point, adjusted for pace and content; our table of how many slides per minute covers talks from 5 to 60 minutes. Three points is a planning habit, not a law: use two or four if the material needs it.

For other shapes, such as answer first for a decision meeting or problem, solution and benefit for a proposal, see our guide to how to structure a presentation.

Common mistake: starting in the app and letting the template's slide order become the talk's order.

Step 4: Put one idea on each slide

Give each slide one job and write its title as a full sentence that states the point: "Half the Moon is always lit" rather than "Sunlight". Then read only the titles, in order. If they tell the story, the deck works; if they do not, fix the outline, not the design. Keep on the slide only what the audience must see, such as a number, a picture or a short list, and put what you will say in your notes. Microsoft's accessibility guidance adds a practical rule: give every slide a unique, descriptive title [8].

Common mistake: pasting paragraphs onto slides and reading them aloud, so the room reads ahead and stops listening.

Step 5: Add visuals and data that prove the point

Use a picture, diagram or chart only where it makes the point faster than words. Match the chart to the job: bars to compare amounts, a line to show change over time, a pie only for a few parts of one whole. Label axes and units, put the source and year under every number, and highlight the one bar or line that carries your message. Use images you have the right to use: your own photos, your school's or company's library, or pictures whose licence allows reuse. For a sequence of events, a timeline slide often works better than a list; our timeline templates show ten layouts.

Where charts live: in PowerPoint, Insert, then Chart [1]; in Google Slides, Insert, then Chart, then From Sheets, which keeps the chart linked to its spreadsheet [13]; in Canva, Charts in the side panel, with bar, line, pie, donut and other types [20].

Common mistake: a chart with eight colours, no headline and no source.

Step 6: Design one look that reads from the back row

Choose one theme or template and keep it: one font family, two at most, a few colours, and titles in the same place on every slide. Two readability rules have official sources. Microsoft recommends text of 18 pt or larger in sans serif fonts with enough white space [8]. WCAG 2.2 asks for a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 between normal text and its background, and 3:1 for large text, which it defines as 18 point or 14 point bold [26]. Add alt text to pictures and charts, a short sentence or two as Microsoft advises [8], and in PowerPoint run Review, then Check Accessibility. New PowerPoint decks open at 16:9 widescreen [3]; keep it unless the room's screen is 4:3. Our 15 rules for professional presentation design go further.

Common mistake: a different layout on every slide, or white text across a pale photograph.

Step 7: Write your notes in your own words

For each slide, write what you will say in the notes area under it, in short phrases rather than a script: the point, the example, the number, and the line that leads to the next slide. The audience does not see them; Microsoft says notes appear on your monitor but not to the audience [4]. For length, UNSW suggests allowing roughly 400 words per five minutes [28], which is slower than the average English speech rate of about 150 words a minute given by the National Center for Voice and Speech [27] and leaves room for pauses, slide changes and questions.

Common mistake: writing every word, then reading the notes with your eyes down for the whole talk.

Step 8: Rehearse aloud, with a timer

Rehearse standing up, out loud, with the slides, at least three times: once alone to find the gaps, once timed or recorded to fix the length, and once in front of a friend or colleague. UNSW suggests the same order, alone first and then with someone else, timing yourself as you go [28]. Cut until you finish with time to spare; it is easier to slow down than to skip slides under pressure. PowerPoint's Rehearse Timings records the time on each slide [6]; its Speaker Coach gives feedback on pacing, filler words and reading the slide text, in English only [7]; in Canva, pressing a number key while presenting puts a timer of that many minutes on screen [22].

Common mistake: rehearsing silently in your head, which always runs faster than the real talk.

Step 9: Deliver: set up early, then talk to people

Arrive or join early, test the screen, the clicker and the sound, and keep a PDF copy on a second device. Use presenter view, so you see your notes while the room sees only the slides [5] [14]. One limit worth knowing: Microsoft says you currently need a desktop version of PowerPoint to see your notes while presenting, not PowerPoint for the web [4]. Open with the message, look at people rather than the screen, pause after each key point, and take questions when you said you would.

Common mistake: plugging into a projector you have never tested, with the only copy of the file on that laptop.

Step 10: Follow up within a day

Send what you promised: the deck or a PDF, answers to the questions you could not answer, and the next step with a name and a date. Then write down three things to change next time while you still remember them. PowerPoint saves a PDF from File, then Export [32]; Google Slides lets you share as an editor, commenter or viewer [16]; Canva can download a PDF with your notes included [21].

Common mistake: sending forty slides with no summary at the top of the email.

A worked example: a 10-minute class presentation, slide by slide

Here are the ten steps applied to one real task: a Year 7 student presenting why the Moon has phases to the class, in 10 minutes. The brief from step 1 is the fill-in line above; the message from step 2 is "The Sun always lights half the Moon, and the part of that half we see changes as the Moon orbits Earth", which follows NASA's own explanation [30]. The times add up to exactly 600 seconds.

The same method gives a very different deck at work. A five-minute update to a leadership team on a fictional two-month pilot might run: slide 1, the answer and the ask ("Roll out delivery-slot text messages to all depots"); slide 2, one number from the pilot with a comparison; slide 3, what was tried; slide 4, risks and the options considered; slide 5, the decision needed today, with owners and dates. Five slides, answer first, and the follow-up email in step 10 carries the detail.

How long it takes: a preparation timeline

Most of the time goes into steps 1 to 3 and step 8, not into the slides. Here is how the ten steps spread across a week, and how they compress when you have one evening.

The same 10 steps in PowerPoint, Google Slides and Canva

Steps 1 to 3 happen on paper. From step 4 onwards, this is where each step lives in the three most common tools, with menu names as each maker's help pages print them on 9 November 2026.

How to make a presentation in PowerPoint

These are the steps Microsoft Support prints for the desktop app, with web differences where Microsoft names them. If you do not have PowerPoint, Microsoft offers free access to Word, Excel and PowerPoint on the web, with files saved in and shared from OneDrive [9].

1. Create the file. Open PowerPoint, select New, then Blank Presentation or a template [1].
2. Add slides. Select the slide that should come before the new one, then on the Home tab select New Slide; choose a layout with Slide Layout [1].
3. Write the titles and text. Click inside a text box and type; format with the Font section of the Home tab; use Bullets or Numbering for lists [1].
4. Add pictures and charts. On the Insert tab, use Pictures, or Shapes, Icons, SmartArt or Chart [1].
5. Get layout ideas. On the Design tab, select Design Suggestions (called Designer in some versions). Microsoft lists it as a subscriber-only feature on the desktop and available to everyone in PowerPoint for the web; it goes online for its ideas, and for photo layouts Microsoft advises at most four photos per slide, each larger than 200 × 200 pixels [2].
6. Check size and access. Design, then Slide Size for 16:9 or 4:3 [3]; Review, then Check Accessibility [8].
7. Write notes. Click "Click to add notes" in the Notes pane below each slide; in PowerPoint for the web, View, then Notes [4].
8. Rehearse. Slide Show, then Rehearse Timings, which shows the time on the current slide and the total, and offers to save the timings at the end [6]; or Slide Show, then Rehearse with Coach, which needs a Microsoft account, a microphone and an internet connection [7].
9. Present. Slide Show, then From Beginning. By default PowerPoint uses Presenter View when you run a slide show, so you see your notes while the audience sees only your slides [4] [5].
10. Save a PDF copy. File, then Export, then Create PDF/XPS Document; in PowerPoint for the web, File, Export, then Download as PDF. The PDF keeps the layout, and people can view it without PowerPoint but not edit it [32].

How to make a presentation in Google Slides

Google's product page says anyone with a Google Account can create in Slides, and that co-editing lets several people work on the same slide at the same time [17], which suits group work. The steps below come from Google Docs Editors Help and the Google Workspace Learning Center.

1. Create the file. Go to slides.google.com and, under "Start a new presentation", click New; slides.google.com/create also works [10].
2. Pick a look. Slide, then Change theme, and click a theme on the right; Import theme brings one in from another Google Slides or PowerPoint file [12].
3. Add slides. The New slide button adds one with the same layout; its down arrow, New slide with layout, lets you choose. To change an existing slide, use the Layout menu at the top [11] [12].
4. Number them. Insert, then Slide numbers, with "Skip title slides" ticked if you want the cover unnumbered [11].
5. Add a chart from your data. Insert, Chart, From Sheets, choose the spreadsheet and the chart, then Import. Leave "Link to spreadsheet" ticked, and when the numbers change click Update, or Tools, Linked objects, Update all [13].
6. Share. Click Share and choose who can edit, comment or only view [16].
7. Present. Click Slideshow. For your notes, click the down arrow next to Slideshow, then Presenter view, and open the notes tab in that window. While presenting, S opens your notes, B or W blanks the screen, and Ctrl + Shift + C turns on captions, in English only [14].
8. Take questions. In Presenter view, click Audience tools, then Start new. People ask from the link at the top of your slides, can ask anonymously and can vote questions up or down; click Present to show one on screen [15].
9. Export. Download as Microsoft PowerPoint or PDF [16].

How to make a presentation in Canva

Canva's pricing page lists a free plan at US$0 and says Canva Free is available to anyone [34]. The steps below come from the Canva Help Center.

1. Create the file. On the homepage, select Create in the left-side panel, then use the search bar on the "Create a design" page to find the design type you need; a blank design opens in the editor [18].
2. Add and order pages. Use the add-page icon; Duplicate page and Delete page sit on each page's upper corner in scrolling view, and arrow icons move a page up or down. A design can have up to 350 pages [19].
3. Pick a look. Select the page background, then Edit, then Styles, and choose a colour palette, a font set or a combination; Apply to all pages carries it through the deck. Styles change colours and fonts only, and Canva suggests trying them early, since suggestions may be unavailable once a design has many slides [33].
4. Add charts. Open Charts in the side panel (or Apps, then Charts) and pick from bar, column, line, area, pie, donut and other types; add data by hand, import it from a spreadsheet or connect a data app [20].
5. Write notes. Select Notes at the bottom of the editor. Canva can also generate notes for you, but notes in your own words are easier to say. Notes show in Presenter View and in Present and record [21].
6. Present. Select Present in the top menu (under Share if you do not see it), then choose Present fullscreen, Presenter View, Present and record or Autoplay. Arrow keys move between slides, Esc exits, and a number key starts a timer of that many minutes [22].
7. Record, if the talk is not live. Present and record works on a computer only, with one recording per design; you can share it by link or download it [23].
8. Take live questions. Start a Canva Live session from the presentation view; the audience joins at canva.live with an 8-character code, sends questions in the chat and upvotes them [24].
9. Export. PPTX download is for presentations. Canva says the file may look different in PowerPoint, fonts may need installing, and animations and embedded videos are not yet supported there [25]. For a handout, Share, Download, PDF, then Advanced Settings and Include notes [21].

Make it in NOXI: one request with audience, goal and minutes

If you would rather have the first draft made for you, NOXI's Presentation format builds the deck from one request that carries the answers to steps 1 to 3: the audience, the goal and the minutes. The flow below is described in our NOXI 2.0 launch article of 3 November 2026 [31]. For a comparison of AI routes in general, and what to check in any of them, see our guide to how to make a presentation with AI. Steps 7 to 9, your notes, rehearsal and delivery, stay yours whichever route you take.

How to make a presentation for school, by age

The ten steps are the same at every age; what changes is how big the message is, how many words go on a slide and how much the sources matter. Read the teacher's brief first: the time limit, whether slides are required, whether note cards are allowed and how sources must be cited all come from it, not from any guide.

Two habits lift a school presentation more than any template: a title on every slide that says the point, and a rehearsal out loud with a clock. If you are presenting as a team, decide who owns which section before anyone makes a slide, and rehearse the handovers as well as the parts.

How to make a good presentation more engaging

A good presentation has a message people can repeat, a structure they can follow, slides that help rather than compete, and a speaker who talks to the room. Engagement comes from changing what the audience does every few minutes, so their attention has somewhere to go. Seven ways that work in any tool:

• Open with a question the room can answer, then wait for hands, as slide 2 of the worked example does.
• Show one number with a comparison people can feel, rather than five numbers at once.
• Give each main point a concrete example or a short true story from your own experience.
• Show, do not tell: a live demonstration, an object, a short clip, or a before-and-after picture.
• Let the audience ask in writing: Google Slides' Audience tools accept anonymous questions with voting [15], and Canva Live collects questions and upvotes from canva.live [24].
• Make activities visible: in Canva, a number key puts a timer on screen for a pair discussion or a quick task [22].
• End on an action, something the audience can do tonight or tomorrow, not on "any questions?".

Interactive features help only when the talk underneath is clear. A poll on a confused slide gives you a confused poll.

Which tool fits you: six quick routes

• If you must hand in a .pptx file or present from a desktop → use PowerPoint, because Microsoft offers free access on the web [9] and the desktop Presenter View shows your notes while the audience sees only your slides [4] [5].
• If several people build one deck → use Google Slides, because Google says co-editing lets several people work on the same slide at the same time [17], and Share sets who can edit, comment or view [16].
• If you want the audience's questions on screen → use Google Slides' Audience tools, with anonymous questions and voting [15], or Canva Live, joined with an 8-character code [24].
• If the look matters most, or the talk will be recorded → use Canva, because Styles apply one colour palette and font set to every page [33], and Present and record makes a talking presentation you can share by link [23].
• If you rehearse alone and present in English → use PowerPoint's Speaker Coach, which checks pacing, filler words and whether you are reading the slides [7].
• If you want the first draft made from one request → use NOXI: the Presentation format, free to start with five documents a month, and a PowerPoint download with no watermark [31].

What to check before you present

• The brief or rubric. Time limit, required slides, citation style, file format and deadline come from your school or the person who asked, not from this page.
• Company policy. At work, use the approved template, and check whether confidential numbers may go on slides or into outside tools.
• Every number and date. Check each against its source and print the source and year under it.
• Rights to pictures and music. Use your own, your organisation's, or ones whose licence allows reuse.
• Readability. Text at 18 pt or larger [8], contrast of at least 4.5:1 [26], alt text on pictures, and a clean accessibility check.
• The file on the real screen. If the deck moved between tools, open the exported file and check the fonts; Canva warns that a PPTX may look different in PowerPoint [25].
• The room. Screen, adapter, sound and clicker tested, with a PDF backup on a second device.
• The clock. Your last timed run finished with time to spare.

Frequently asked questions

How do you make a presentation step by step?

Follow ten steps in order: know your audience and goal, write one message, outline it with minutes, put one idea on each slide, add visuals and data, apply one readable design, write notes in your own words, rehearse aloud with a timer three times, deliver with presenter view, and follow up within a day.

How do I make a presentation on PowerPoint?

Open PowerPoint, select New, then Blank Presentation or a template. Add slides with Home, New Slide, and choose a layout with Slide Layout. Insert pictures and charts from the Insert tab, write notes in the Notes pane, rehearse with Slide Show, Rehearse Timings, then present with Slide Show, From Beginning.

How do I make a presentation on Google Slides?

Go to slides.google.com and click New. Pick a theme with Slide, Change theme, add slides with the New slide button, and insert charts with Insert, Chart, From Sheets so they stay linked to your data. Share it to set editors or viewers, then click Slideshow, or Presenter view to see your notes.

How do I make a presentation on Canva?

On Canva's homepage click Create and search for the design type you need. Add pages with the add-page icon, add charts from the Charts panel, and write notes with Notes at the bottom of the editor. Click Present and choose Presenter View, then download as PPTX or as a PDF with notes.

How many slides should a 10-minute presentation have?

About ten is a common starting point: roughly one slide per minute, adjusted for your pace and content. A title slide, an opening, two slides for each of three main points and a close comes to eight to ten. A talk built around a live demonstration needs fewer; a picture-led talk can use more, each shown briefly.

How do I make a presentation for school?

Start from the teacher's brief: the time limit, the rubric and how to cite sources. Write your message as one sentence, plan about one slide per minute, give each slide a title that states its point, put a picture or a few words on it, add a sources slide, and rehearse aloud with a timer at least twice.

How long should a presentation script be?

UNSW Sydney's study toolkit tells students to allow roughly 400 words for every five minutes, so about 800 words for a ten-minute talk. That is slower than the average English speech rate of about 150 words a minute, which the National Center for Voice and Speech gives, and leaves time for pauses and slide changes.

How do I make a presentation longer without padding?

Add substance, not slides: a concrete example for each main point, a short demonstration, a question for the audience with time to answer, or a slide comparing two cases. Then rehearse with a timer to see the real length. Never add a slide that does not support your one-sentence message.

How can I make a presentation for free?

Microsoft offers free access to PowerPoint on the web, with files saved in OneDrive; Google says anyone with a Google Account can create in Slides; and Canva lists a free plan at US$0. To have the first draft made for you, NOXI is free to start: five documents a month, with PowerPoint downloads that carry no watermark.

What should I check before presenting?

Check the brief or company policy, every number against its source, your rights to pictures, text of 18 pt or larger with enough contrast, and the exported file on the real screen. Test the room's screen, adapter and sound, keep a PDF backup on a second device, and make sure your last timed run finished early.

Sources and method

How this page was made: every menu name, limit and figure comes from the maker's or publisher's own page, opened signed out on 9 November 2026, with no cookie banner accepted and nothing downloaded. Most help pages print no article date, so the date given is the day we read them. The ten steps, the timings and the worked examples are editorial; the work example is fictional.

• [1] New, Blank Presentation or a template; Home, New Slide; Slide Layout; Font section, Bullets, Numbering; Insert, Pictures, Shapes, Icons, 3D Models, SmartArt, Chart · Microsoft Support, Create a presentation in PowerPoint.
• [2] Design, Design Suggestions (Designer); subscriber-only on desktop, available to everyone in PowerPoint for the web; goes online; a maximum of four photos per slide, larger than 200 × 200 pixels · Microsoft Support, Create professional slide layouts with Designer.
• [3] The 16:9 widescreen setting is the default for new presentations; Widescreen is 13.333 × 7.5 in; Design, Slide Size · Microsoft Support, Change the size of your slides.
• [4] Notes pane below each slide; View, Notes on the web; notes appear on your monitor but not to the audience; Presenter View on by default on Windows; a desktop version is currently needed to see notes while presenting · Microsoft Support, adding notes to your slides.
• [5] Slide Show, From Beginning; in Presenter View you see your notes while the audience sees only your slides · Microsoft Support, Start the presentation and see your notes in Presenter view.
• [6] Slide Show, Rehearse Timings; time for the current slide and the total; Yes to save the timings · Microsoft Support, Rehearse and time the delivery of a presentation.
• [7] Slide Show, Rehearse with Coach; pacing, pitch, filler words, informal speech, reading the slide text; English only; Microsoft account, microphone and internet connection · Microsoft Support, Rehearse your slide show with Speaker Coach.
• [8] 18pt or larger, sans serif fonts, sufficient white space; unique slide titles; alt text a short sentence or two; Review, Check Accessibility · Microsoft Support, Make your PowerPoint presentations accessible.
• [9] "Get free access to Word, Excel, and PowerPoint using Microsoft 365 for the web"; files saved in and shared from OneDrive; page designed for users in the United States · Microsoft, Microsoft 365 for the web.
• [10] slides.google.com, "Start a new presentation", New; slides.google.com/create · Google Docs Editors Help, How to use Google Slides.
• [11] New slide; New slide with layout; delete and reorder in the left panel; Insert, Slide numbers, Skip title slides · Google Docs Editors Help, Add, delete & organize slides.
• [12] Slide, Change theme; Import theme from Google Slides or PowerPoint; Layout menu; Slide, Change background · Google Docs Editors Help, Use a Template or change the theme, background, or layout.
• [13] Insert, Chart, From Sheets, Import; Link to spreadsheet; Update; Tools, Linked objects, Update all · Google Docs Editors Help, Link a chart, table, or slides to Google Docs or Slides.
• [14] Slideshow; arrow next to Slideshow, Presenter view; shortcuts S for notes, B and W for a blank screen, Ctrl + Shift + C for captions in English only · Google Docs Editors Help, Present slides.
• [15] Presenter View, Audience tools, Start new; questions from the link at the top of the presentation; Ask anonymously; up and down votes; Present to show a question · Google Docs Editors Help, Accept and present audience questions.
• [16] Share: editors, commenters, viewers; Download as Microsoft PowerPoint or Adobe PDF; New slide and Templates · Google Workspace Learning Center, Google Slides cheat sheet.
• [17] "Anyone with a Google Account can create in Slides"; co-editing means multiple people can work on the same slide at the same time · Google Workspace, Google Slides product page.
• [18] Create, "Create a design" page, search bar, blank design opens in the editor · Canva Help Center, Design from scratch.
• [19] Add-page icon; Duplicate page; Delete page; arrow icons to reorder; up to 350 pages per design · Canva Help Center, Add, duplicate, and delete pages.
• [20] Charts in the side panel or under Apps; bar, column, line, area, pie, donut, scatter and other chart types; data added manually, imported or connected · Canva Help Center, Get started with Canva Charts.
• [21] Notes at the bottom of the editor; notes show in Presenter View and Present and record; Share, Download, PDF, Advanced Settings, Include notes · Canva Help Center, Download designs with notes.
• [22] Present; Present fullscreen, Presenter View, Present and record, Autoplay; arrow keys, Esc; number keys add a timer, 1 for one minute, 2 for two minutes · Canva Help Center, Present your design.
• [23] Present and record on a computer only; one recording per design; share by link or download · Canva Help Center, Record and delete talking presentations.
• [24] Canva Live: canva.live and an 8-character code; questions in the chat and upvotes; computer only · Canva Help Center, Starting or joining Canva Live sessions.
• [25] PPTX for presentations only; may look different in Microsoft PowerPoint; fonts may need installing; animations and embedded videos not yet supported · Canva Help Center, Choose the right download file type.
• [26] Success Criterion 1.4.3: contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1, and 3:1 for large-scale text of at least 18 point or 14 point bold; page updated 4 October 2026 · W3C, Understanding Contrast (Minimum).
• [27] "The average rate of speech for English speakers in the United States is about 150 words per minute" · National Center for Voice and Speech, voice production tutorial.
• [28] Review the assessment criteria; introduction, body, conclusion; practise alone, then with a friend or colleague; time yourself; "Allow roughly 400 words per five minutes"; visit the room and test the equipment · UNSW Sydney, Preparing and delivering presentations.
• [29] "TEDx talks are typically under 18 minutes"; any talk over 18 minutes is reviewed before it is published · TED, TEDx rules.
• [30] The Sun always illuminates half of the Moon; how much of that half we see changes as the Moon travels through its orbit; every 29.5 days; the eight phases in order; page last updated 3 August 2026 · NASA Science, Moon Phases.
• [31] NOXI 2.0, published 3 November 2026: Presentation as one of 14 formats; sketches every page first; a design library of more than ninety styles; self-checks; edit by chat or by hand; export to PDF, PowerPoint and Word compared with the pages; five documents a month free; no watermark; no credit card to start · NOXI 2.0 launch article on this blog, linked in the NOXI section above.
• [32] File, Export, Create PDF/XPS Document, Publish; PowerPoint for the web: File, Export, Download as PDF; the PDF freezes the formatting and layout, and people can view the slides without PowerPoint but cannot edit them · Microsoft Support, Save PowerPoint presentations as PDF files.
• [33] Select the page thumbnail or background, Edit, Styles; colour palette, font set, image palette or combination; Apply to all pages; Shuffle; styles change colours and fonts only; with many slides, suggestions may be unavailable, so try styles early · Canva Help Center, Find color palettes and font combinations.
• [34] Free plan at US$0; "Canva Free is available to anyone" · Canva, Pricing.

Plan on paper, build one idea per slide, and rehearse aloud to a clock: that order works in any app. Pick the tool that fits your room; whichever you use, the notes, the rehearsal and the talk stay yours.